Neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, including death of neurons, have become a significant global health concern. Conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) not only diminish the quality of life for millions but also pose substantial economic burdens on healthcare systems worldwide. Understanding the pathogenesis of these diseases is crucial for developing effective therapies. Recent advancements in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neuronal cell culture models and transgenic cell line models have revolutionized neurodegenerative disease research, offering promising avenues for modeling disease mechanisms and testing therapeutic interventions.

Human iPSC-Derived Neuronal Cell Culture Models

Human iPSCs are generated by reprogramming somatic cells to a pluripotent state, allowing them to differentiate into various cell types, including neurons. iPSC-derived neuronal cultures provide a physiologically relevant system that closely mimics the human nervous system's cellular and molecular characteristics. These models overcome the limitations of traditional animal models, such as species-specific differences, and primary neuronal cultures, which are challenging to obtain from patients.